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Race, Class and Colonialism

Welcome to Section V of Empire Online, which focuses on Race, Class and Colonialism as important concepts in the study of Empire. Colonialism created a new world order in which Europeans asserted their right to intervene and impose conditions of modernity on the subject peoples of their empires. Imperialism as the bearer of modernity, or what the Victorians called the civilising mission, constructed new identities of race, class and gender. A new discourse of race and race relations developed both to describe and to justify this imposed modernist colonial order. This discourse reshaped both the cultures of the periphery and the dominant cultures of the metropole. It also provoked resistance from colonized peoples both within the colonized periphery and within the metropolitan centres of empire.

Title	Date	Author / Creator	Place of Publication

Title	Date	Author / Creator	Place of Publication
An Account of Ireland in 1773	1773	Macartney, George	London
Address to the Nations of the World by the Pan-African Conference in London
Administration of Tropical Colonies	Jan 1906
Advisory Committee on Native Education in Tropical Africa	1923-1928
Affairs of Egypt. Further Correspondence Part LIV	July-Dec 1898
The African Roots of War	May 1915	Burghardt Du Bois, W. E
Agricultural Education, Vischer	1934
Aguinaldo's Case Against the United States: by A Filipino, The North American Review	Sep 1899
The Ama-Xosa. Life and Customs	1932	Henderson Soga, John	South Africa
Anglo-Egyptian Treaty Negotiations Correspondence	Dec 1935 - Dec 1936
Anti-Slavery & Aborigines' Protection Society 2nd Annual Report	1839		London
Anti-Slavery & Aborigines' Protection Society 3rd Annual Report	1840		London
The Anti-slavery and Aborigines Protection Society: being the amalgamation, effected on 1st July, 1909, of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society and the Aborigines Protection Society	1 Jul 1909		London
Appeal for Funds by the African Church Missions	1937
Arabia (Saudi Arabia): 'Report by Sir Gilbert Clayton, K.B.E., C.B., C.M.G., on his missions to negotiate certain agreements with the Sultan of Nejd, and instructions issued to him in regard to his mission.'	25 Nov 1925
Army, Japanese	1936
The Art of Travel, or Shifts and Contrivances available in Wild Countries	1856	Galton, Francis	London
Atlas of the British Empire Throughout the World: with Explanatory and Statistical Notes	1868		London
The Beauties of the late Right Hon. Edmund Burke, Vol 1: Selected from the Writings, &c. of that Extraordinary Man, Alphabetically Arranged	1798		London
The Beauties of the late Right Hon. Edmund Burke, Vol 2: Selected from the Writings, &c. of that Extraordinary Man, Alphabetically Arranged	1798		London
Bechuanaland Protectorate Estimates for 1919-1920	1919
Blacks and Whites in South Africa: an account of the past treatment and present condition of South African Natives under British and Boer control.	ca. 1900	Fox Bourne, H. R. (Secretary of the Aborigines Protection Society)	London
Blacks and Whites in West Africa: an Account of the Past Treatment and Present Condition of West African Natives under European Influence or Control		Fox Bourne, H. R. (Secretary of the Aborigines Protection Society)	London
A Brief Account of the Results of Granting Compensation to the West India Slave-Holders and the continuation of slavery under the name of "Apprenticeship"	1897	Teall, J. Eastoe (Assistant secretary of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society.)	London
The Broad Stone of Empire: Problems of Crown Colony administration, Vol 1
Campaign Against Military Intervention in the Philippines: in The Philippines Reader: A History of Colonialism, Neocolonialism, Dictatorship and Resistance	1983
The Case of Ireland	1706	Molyneux, William
The Case of Ireland 1725	1725	Molyneux, William	Dublin
Castle Rackrent, An Hibernian Tale taken from Facts and from the Manners of the Irish Squires before the year 1782	1800		London
Claim of the British South Africa Company in Respect of its Administrative Expenditure in Southern Rhodesia	1922
The Claims of Uncivilised Races: a Paper Submitted to the International Congress on Colonial Sociology, Paris	1900	Fox Bourne, H. R	London
Claims, Manchuria	1934
"Class, colour and race" in Greater Rome and Greater Britain	1912	Lucas, Sir C. P
Closer Union in East Africa	1931
Colonial Images from the British Library
The Colonial Intelligencer, or, Aborigines Friend: comprising the Transactions of the Aborigines' Protection Society, Interesting Intelligence Concerning the Aborigines of Various Climes and Articles Upon Colonial Affairs, with Comments upon the Proceedings of Government and of Colonists toward Native Tribes.	1847-1848		London
Colonization in its bearing on The Extinction of the Aboriginal Races	1874	Langfield Ward, J.	London
The Colour Problem' in The Edinburgh Review	1921	Lord Lugard, F. D
Coloured Races in the Empire	1913	Besant, Annie
Common Sense, Addressed to the Inhabitants of America	1776		Philadelphia
Communism, Manchuria	1935
The Constitution of Kenya, and the Federation of East African Dependencies	1927
The Control of the Tropics	1898	Kidd, Benjamin	London
Coolie Labour. The Indian Recruiting Ground	1910		London
Correspondence regarding the re-organisation of military and police forces in Palestine and Transjordan	17 Jul 1925 - 21 Nov 1927
Correspondence relating to the formation of Civil Services for countries under the Middle East Department	1-25 Apr 1921
Correspondence Relative to Emigration of Chinese Coolies	1853		London
Correspondence respecting Palestine and Transjordan: part 1	1947
Diamond mining. Regulations of South African diamond interests	1933
Diamond Prospecting. Consolidated African Selection Trust 1	1933
Diamond Prospecting. Consolidated African Selection Trust 2	1933
Discourse on Colonialism, pp74-78 Only	1955	Aimé Césaire, trans. Joan Pinkham
A Discoverie of the True Causes why Ireland was never entirely subdued, nor brought under Obedience of the Crowne of England, until the Beginning of his Maiesties happie Raigne	1612
Distant Possessions: The Parting of the Ways, the North American Review	Aug 1898	Carnegie, Andrew
The Doctrine of Paramountcy in relation to Northern Rhodesia	1923-1958
The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa	1922	Lord Lugard, F. D	Edinburgh and London
East Africa Protectorate Land Settlement Scheme: Memorandum of Conditions with Press Notice	1919
East African Papers: Revision of Salaries in the East African Dependencies No. 1077	May 1919 -Dec 1920
Echoes of Harper's Ferry Includes 'The Lesson of the Hour' by Wendell Phillips (pp43-66)	1860	Redpath, James	Boston
Education in British Tropical Africa	1932
Education in Tropical Africa	1930	Lugard, Sir Frederick
Education of African communities	1937
Egypt. Further Correspondence Part X. On 1 January 1956 the Republic of the Sudan was proclaimed and was recognized by Great Britain and Egypt	1956
Egypt. Further Correspondence Part XI	1957
Emigration from China to the West Indies	1851
England and Her Subject-Races: with special reference to Jamaica	1866	Roundell, Charles Savile	London
Ethiopia Unbound: Studies in Race Emancipation	1911	Hayford, Casely	London
The Expansion of England	1883	Seeley, J. R	London
The Exploitation of Inferior Races in Ancient and Modern Times: An Imperial Labour Question with a Historical Parallel	ca. 1900
Extracts from Toward the African Revolution: chapter 2 'West Indians and Africans', Chapter 14 'The Algerian War and Man's Liberation'	1988
Film Censorship in India, Vol 1, P&J 5024-2462, 1927-1929	1921-1929
Film Censorship in India, Vol II, P&J , 2421-1340, 1925-1927	1925-1927
Film Censorship in India, Vol III, P&J , 715-2601, 1921-1925	1921-1925
First Footsteps into East Africa, or, An Exploration of Harar	1856	Burton, Richard
Forced Labour in British South Africa	1903		London
Fraternity	1893-1894
Freetown. Canalisation of streams and surface drainage	1933
Further correspondence relating to Palestine and Transjordan: part 2	1948
Further correspondence respecting Iraq: part 12	1 Jan1958 - 31 Dec 1958
Further correspondence respecting Iraq: part 13	1 Jan 1959 - 31 Dec 1959
Further correspondence respecting Iraq: part 23	1 Jan 1969 - 31 Dec 1969
Glimpses of the Ages, Or, the "Superior" or "Inferior" Races, so called, Discussed in the Light of Science and History. Volume 2	1908	Samuel Scholes, Theophilus. E	London
Gopal Krishna Gokhale speech calling for suspension of Indian indentured emigration: Government of India, Legislative Department, Proceedings of the Council of Government	4 Mar 1912
The Government of Subject Races' in The Edinburgh Review	1913	Earl of Cromer
Greater Britain: A Record of Travel in English-Speaking Countries, Vol I	1866-1868	Wentworth Dilke, Charles	London
Greater Britain: A Record of Travel in English-Speaking Countries, Vol II	1866-1868	Wentworth Dilke, Charles	London
Hawaii and Our future Sea Power: from The Interest of American Sea Power, Present and Future
Hill Coolies: a Brief Exposure of the Deplorable Condition of the Hill Coolies in British Guiana and Mauritius and of the nefarious means by which they were induced to resort to these colonies	1840	T. F and Vindex	London
Hind Swaraj	1921
The Histories and Novels of the Late Ingenious Mrs Behn, In One Volume. Together with the Life and Memoirs of Mrs Behn	1696	By one of the Fair Sex	London
The Home Rule Fallacy: the Nineteenth Century, No. LXV	Jul 1882
Humane Policy in the Colonies & India Or, The Free, Just and Integral Unions of Coloured People with Our People	1870	Bannister, Saxe	Brighton
Humane Policy, or Justice to the Aborigines of New Settlements: Essential to a due Expenditure of British Money, and to the Best Interests of the Settlers. With Suggestions how to Civilise the Natives by an Improved Administration of Existing Means. By S. Bannister, Late Attorney-General in New South Wales	1830	Bannister, Saxe	London
II. Causes of Southern Opposition to Imperialism: in 'Bryan or McKinley? The Present Duty of American Citizens', North American Review, 171.527	Oct 1900
An Impartial Sketch of the Debate in the House of Commons of Ireland: on a Motion made by the Rt. Hon. Thomas Orde	1785	Woodfall, William	Dublin
Imperialism Without Colonies, pp35-65, 91-113, 133-143 only	2003	Magdoff, Harry
Indian Education in Uganda	1934
Inter Racial Problems', Fortnightly Review 90	1911	Lubbock Avebury, Sir J
International Missionary Council, Bantu Educational Kinema	1936
International Missionary Council, educational films 1	1934
International Missionary Council, educational films 2	1934
International Missionary Council, educational films, 1937	1937
International Missionary Council, educational films, 1937-8	1937-1938
The International Monetary Fund in the Philippines: in The Philippines Reader: A History of Colonialism, Neocolonialism, Dictatorship and Resistance	1982	Bello, Walden, Broad, Robin
Iraq: 'Record of proceedings of meetings of the British and Iraqi delegations in Baghdad, April-June, 1930, concerning the proposed new Anglo-Iraq treaty.'	Apr-Jun 1930
Ireland and the Coronation-Why Ireland is Discontented: the Case for Ireland stated		Redmond, John, M.P.
Ireland- Social, Political, and Religious, Vol 1	1839	Taylor, W. C	London
Ireland- Social, Political, and Religious, Vol 2	1839	Taylor, W. C	London
Irish Federalism. Its Meaning, Its Objects, and Its Hopes	1874
Irish History and Irish Character	1862	Smith, Goldwin	Oxford
The Irish Question' in Contemporary Review, xxi	1873-1873
The Irish Rebellion: or, An History of the Beginnings and first Progress of the Generall Rebellion raised within the Kingdom of Ireland, upon the three and twentieth day of October, in the Year, 1641. Together with the Barbarous Cruelties and Bloody Massacres which ensued thereupon. The Nineteenth Century, No. LXV	1646	Knight, Sir John Temple
Jail Journal Or, Five Years in British Prisons	1854	Mitchel, John
Japan and China, Japanese Aggression and Activities in Manchuria	1931
Japan and China, Japanese claims to Manchuria	1931
Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the Nile	1863	Hanning Speke, John	Edinburgh and London
Journal of a Voyage with Coolie Emigrants from Calcutta to Trinidad		Captain and Mrs Swinton
Keith Johnston's British Empire			Edinburgh, London
Korea, Annual Report	1933
Korea, Annual Report by HM Consul General	1930
Korea, General Affairs	1934
Korea, Mining	1933
Korea, Unrest and Communist Influence	1934
The Lake Regions of Central Africa	1860	Burton, Richard F	London
The Last Conquest of Ireland (Perhaps)	1876	Mitchel, John	Glasgow
Laws affecting Civilized and Savage Life	1882	Bartle Frere, Sir H
Lectures on Colonization	1861
Letters from a farmer, in Pennsylvania, to the inhabitants of the British colonies	1732-1808
Letters from James I and his Council to the government of Ireland. Milles Collection Vol XLI	1603
The Living Races of Mankind: a Popular Illustrated Account of the Customs, Habits, Pursuits, Feasts & Ceremonies of the Races of Mankind Throughout the World, by Eminent Specialists including Sir Harry Johnston, R. Lydekker, Dr A. H. Keane, H. N. Hutchinson, A. H. Savage Landor, Dr R. W. Shufeldt, Professor Longford.	1901		London
Lord Milner, High Commissions to Joseph Chamberlain, Colonial Secretary	1901
Manchuria, Administration	1 Jan 1935-31 Dec 1935
Manchuria, General Situation, 1930	1930
Manchuria, General Situation, 1933	1933
Manchuria, Japanese Activities	1934
Manchuria, Political Situation and Economic Development	1 Jan 1935-31 Dec 1935
Medical and Sanitary Matters in Tropical Africa	1921
Memoir of Walter Smith Sutherland Mackay OIOC-Memories of India: Oral Archives Scheme	1924-1957
Memoranda on Progress of the Free System in the West India Colonies	1840
Memorandum by Sir Philip Edmond Wodehouse	1857	Wodehouse, Sir Philip Edmond
Memorandum on the Hill Coolie papers'	1857-1858
The Miniature Atlas of the British Empire	1880		London
The Modern Conscience: In Relation to the Treatment of Dependent Peoples and Communities	1911-1912	Bruce, Sir C
Modern Egypt, Volume 1	1908	The Earl of Cromer	London
Modern Egypt, Volume 2	1908	The Earl of Cromer	London
Mr Froude's Negrophobia	1888	Darnell Davis, N	Demerara
Native Education in Africa, Vischer	1929
Native Labour in South Africa: a report of a public meeting jointly convened by the Aborigines Protection Society and the British and Foreign Anti-slavery society, which was held at Caxton Hall, Westminster	29 Apr 1903		London
The Native Problem in South Africa: with a Review of the Problem in West and West-Central Africaby W.R. Stewart (Late of the Niger Company)	1903	Davies, Alexander	London
Native produce marketing ordinance	1934
Native Races and Peace Terms	1916	Harris, John H	London
Native Races and Peace Terms: a Memorial from the Anti-Slavery and Aborigines Protection Society to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs	1917	Harris, John H	London
Native Races in the British Empire	1907
The New Emigrant Songster: containing the best and newest collection of Songs extant	1865
The Nile Basin: Part 1. Showing Tanganyika to be Ptolemy's Western Lake Reservoir. A Memoir read before the Royal Geographic Society, November 14, 1864. With prefatory remarks. Br Richard F. Burton. Part 2. Captain Speke's Discovery of the Source of The Nile. A Review by James McQueen.	1864	Burton, Richard F.	London
Oil, Japan	1934
Oil, Manchuria	1934
Palestine: 'Correspondence relating to the Dead Sea salts concession: French claim.'	19 Apr 1923 - 28 Oct1930
Palestine: 'Correspondence relating to the improvement of harbour facilities at Haifa and Jaffa. Correspondence principally between Sir Herbert Onslow Plumer, High Commissioner for Palestine and Leopold Amery, the Secretary of State for the Colonies	18 Dec 1925 - 2 Nov 1927
Palestine: 'Correspondence relating to the Mavrommatis concessions.' Correspondence concerning the formation of one company to own and operate the concessions for the water supply and electric lighting for Jerusalem	19 Jan 1926 - 11 Oct 1927
Palestine: 'Dead Sea salts concession: French claim. Correspondence.'	27 Sep 1930 - 27 Dec 1933
Palestine: 'Estimates and finances for the nine months ending 31st December, 1927: Correspondence.' Correspondence between Sir Herbert Onslow Plumer, High Commissioner for Palestine, and Leopold Amery, the Secretary of State for the Colonies	5 Apr 1927- 26 Apr 1928
Palestine: 'Estimates and finances, 1930. Correspondence.' Report by John Robert Chancellor, High Commissioner for Palestine	5 Oct 1929 - 10 Feb 1931
Palestine: 'Letter from the Prime Minister to Dr. Ch. Weizmann.' Letter from Ramsey MacDonald to Charles Weizmann, President of the Jewish Agency, concerning the British Government's policy on Palestine.	13 Feb 1931
Papers on Inter-Racial Problems: communicated to the First Universal Races Congress held at the University of London	26 Jul 1911	Spiller, G
The Peace that Passeth Understanding: "The Peace that Passeth Understanding....a Fantasy." In The Education of John Reed: Selected Writings	1972
Phelps Stokes Commission to East Africa	1923-1925
Philosophy & Opinions of Marcus Garvey	1923
The Portable Atlas of the British Empire: consisting of sixteen maps constructed and engraved by Edward Weller, F.R.G.S.		Bartholomew, John
The Problem of Asia and Its Effect upon International Policies	1900	Mahan, A. T	London
Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London, Volume IV, Session 1859-1860	1860	Shaw, Dr Norton	London
The Races of Men: a Philosophical Enquiry into the Influence of Race over the Destinies of Nations	1862	Knox, Robert	London
"Racial Problems" in Views and Reviews	1912	Johnston, Sir H. H
The Relations of the Advanced and the Backward Races of Mankind	1902	Bryce, James	Oxford
Report by Sir F. Lugard on the Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria	1919	Lugard, Sir Frederick
Report from The Select Committee on Aborigines (British Settlements) With the Minutes of Evidence, Appendix and Index	1837
Report of the High Commissioner on the development of Iraq, 1920-1925.' Report by Sir Henry Dobbs concerning the political situation in Iraq and its administrative system including finances, public health, education and the judicial system	6 Aug 1925
Report of Sir H. W. Norman on the recent Coolie Disturbances in Trinidad	1885	Norman, Sir H. W
Report on a Journey from Maidugari, Nigeria to Jeddah in Arabia	1919	Palmer, Mr H. R
Report on Middle East Conference held in Cairo and Jerusalem.' Conference concerning the British Government's involvement with Mesopotamia, Palestine, Aden and Somaliland and its Middle Eastern policy. Winston Churchill and T E Lawrence were among those present	1921
Report on the Palestine police force by Mr. H L Dowbiggin, C.M.G.	6 May 1930
Report on the situation in Palestine, Part 1	1937-1938
Report on the situation in Palestine, Part 2	1939
"The Rise of the Native" in Views and Reviews	1912	Johnston, Sir H. H
A selection from Goldwin Smith's correspondence comprising letters chiefly to and from his English friends, written between the years 1846 and 1910	1846-1910		London
Sierra Leone. Affairs on the Soro Chiefdom	1933
Sierra Leone. Medical estimates	1933
Sierra Leone. Rice Growing Scheme	1933
The Significance of the Frontier in American History	1894	Turner, Professor Frederick J.
Sixty Years Against Slavery: a brief record of the work and aims of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. With an article on the Abolition of the legal status of slavery	1839-1899	Alexander, Joseph G	London
Slavery and its Substitutes in Africa: a paper submitted to the anti-slavery conference, held in Paris	1900	Fox Bourne, H. R. (Secretary of the Aborigines Protection Society)	London
Slavery and the Slave trade Facts and Memoranda compiled from the slave-trade papers, the statutes at large, and other sources	1889	Teall, J. Eastoe (Assistant secretary of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society.)	London
The Speech of Henry Grattan, Esq: On the subject of a Legislative Union with Great Britain	1800		Dublin
Speech of the Right Hon. William Pitt in the House of Commons: on offering to the House the Resolutions which he proposed as the Basis of an Union between Great Britain and Ireland	1799		London
The Speech of Thomas Goold in the Irish House of Commons on the Subject of an Incorporate Union of Great Britain and Ireland	1800		Lincoln's-Inn-Fields
Speeches on the Irish Question in 1886	1886	Gladstone, W. E	Edinburgh
Speeches, Correspondence, and Political Papers of Carl Schurz, Vol V-pp191-214, 494-513	1913
Speeches, Correspondence, and Political Papers of Carl Schurz, Vol VI-pp215-256	1913
Status of Women in Africa	1937
Substance of the speech of Right Hon. Henry Dundas in the House of Commons, Thursday Feb. 7, 1799 on the subject of the Legislative Union with Ireland	1799		Dublin
Suez Canal International Commission Correspondence	1885
Suez Canal: Correspondence and Memoranda	1859-1865
Through Afro-America: An English Reading of the Race Problem	1910	Archer, William	London
Through the Dark Continent Volume 1: or The Sources of the Nile Around the Great Lakes of Equatorial Africa and Down the Livingstone River to the Atlantic Ocean	1878	Stanley, Henry M	London
Through the Dark Continent Volume 2	1878	Stanley, Henry M	London
To The Person Sitting In Darkness: the North American Review,Vol. 172, no. 531: pp161-176	Feb 1901	Twain, Mark
To the Philippine People: in The Philippines Reader: A History of Colonialism, Neocolonialism, Dictatorship and Resistance	1899	Aguinaldo, Emilio
Transjordan constitutional arrangements: Draft agreement and draft organic law	16 Apr 1926
Tribal administration. Ordinance	1933
Turkish Petroleum Company. A report on the history of the company which represented British and German interests before the First World War	13 Dec 1923
Uganda. Education, teaching of Swahili	1934
Uganda. Medical and Sanitary Conditions	1934
Ultra-imperialism': in New Left Review, 1.59	Feb 1970
Union of South Africa: Visit of the Governor-General to the South West Territory, No. 1080	Mar 1920	Viscount Buxton
The United States and the Future of the Anglo-Saxon Race and the Growth of American Industries and Wealth. By Michael G. Mulhall, F.S.S.	1889	Strong, Rev. Josiah D.D.
The United States Looking Outward: from The Interest of American Sea Power, Present and Future	1890-1897	Mahan, Captain A. T
V. The Anti-Imperialist Position: in 'Bryan or McKinley? The Present Duty of American Citizens', North American Review, 171.527	Oct 1900
Visit to Sierra Leone, Vischer	1933
Visits to West Africa	1934
Visits, Vischer	1938-1939
A Voice For Ireland: The Famine in the Land. What has been done and what is to be done	1847	Butt, Isaac	Dublin
The War and the Intellectuals, The Seven Arts, 11 (June 1917):133-146. In War and the Intellectuals: Collected Essays 1915-1919, ed. Carl Resek (New York, 1964)		Bourne, Randolph S.
West Indies, General, Immigration: 162. No. 2304 Coolie Emigration, Wilson	1844
What Led to the Discovery of the Source of the Nile	1864	Hanning Speke, John	Edinburgh and London
White Capital and Coloured Labour	1906	Olivier, Sidney	London
The White Man's Work in Asia and Africa	1907	Aston, L	London, New York
The Wild Irish Girl	1846	Owenson, Sydney
Women at the Hague	1916	Addams, Jane	London
WWM Strafford Papers: Part II: Miscellaneous state papers: Miscellaneous Foreign Affairs, Irish general affairs, including Irish Parliamentary Papers.	1633-1634
WWM Strafford Papers: Part III: Miscellaneous state papers: The Irish Revenues, the establishment of Mint in Ireland, the Irish Customs and Trade Regulations.	1624-1638
WWM Strafford Papers: Part V: Miscellaneous State Papers: Land and Plantations in Ireland, Revenues and Plantations in Athlone, Irish industry and trade.	1611-1638
Zanzibar, City, Island and Coast, Vol 1	1872	Burton, Richard	London
Zanzibar, City, Island and Coast, Vol 2	1872	Burton, Richard	London

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